8. 事不过三。 (1)Anything undesirable that has happened more than three times must not be tolerated.(直译) (2)Enough is enough./ Something undesirable that is happening should stop.(意译) 而下面的英语谚语则表示最低极限(minimum),即“至少”(at least)。
9. It takes three generations to make a gentleman. 历经三代才能造就一个有教养的人。(直译)/十年树木,百年树人。(意译) “三”表示反复的最多次数,汉语的“一而再,再而三”和“再三”的意思是“一次又一次”,英语可以译为 again and again, over and over again, time and again, repeatedly。例如:
10. 他再三向我道歉。He said sorry to me again and again. “三”的反复性还表现为“全面”(in an all-round way),进而表示“仔细”(carefully)或“谨慎”(prudently)。“三思而行”的意思不是“思考三次”,而是“全面、仔细和谨慎地思考”。例如:
11. 三思而行。 (1)Think thrice before acting.(直译) (2)Think in an all-round way before acting./ Think over the matter carefully before acting./ Think with prudence before acting./ Look before you leap.(意译) “三”还可以用来表示“极其紧急的情况”(extreme urgency)。英美政党领袖给该政党议员发出紧急指令,要求他们参加会议并就某议题投票。这种紧急令叫做 three-line whip。例如:
12. A three-line whip is a request to a person to attend a particular function or take part in a particular event, while “three-line” refers to the triple underlining of the written request, indicating its extreme urgency. “紧急令”是要求一个人出席特殊聚会或参加特殊活动的指令,而“三条线”指书面指令上的三条底线,表示极其紧急。
13. A three-line whip refers to a situation where the British MPs in a political party are ordered to attend parliament and vote in a particular way on a particular issue. “紧急令”指的是命令英国某政党议员出席议会会议,并就一项特殊问题以特殊方式投票的情况。 three-time loser的原义是“三次入狱的囚犯”。美国有些州的法律规定:一个人如果因重罪坐过两次牢,第三次犯重罪而又被判刑时,会无条件地被判无期徒刑。例如:
14. Going to prison three times made him a three-time loser. 入狱三次,使他终生监禁。 three-time loser的比喻意义与法律无关,指“不走运,次次失败的人”,即“倒霉蛋”或“倒霉鬼”。例如: 15. A three-time loser is a person with bad luck or poor skills who consistently loses. “倒霉蛋”是个交厄运或无技能,而又总是失败的人。 16. He’s just a three-time loser who will never make anything of himself. 他只不过是个永远一事无成的倒霉鬼。 英国摇滚歌手罗德•斯图尔特(Rod Stewart)曾写过题为 Three-Time Loser的歌曲,生动地描写了一个三次入狱囚犯的窘相。节选如下: I’m a three time loser. Caught it up in Monterey, shook it up in East Virginia, now my friends say it’s here to stay. 我是个“三进宫”的囚犯。 在蒙特利被抓进班房, 在东弗吉尼亚又犯事, 现在我的朋友们说你就待在这里吧。(英语世界) |