奥运赛事分类词汇-游泳

中年女孩

游泳比赛是一个集竞技游泳、跳水、花样游泳和水球为一体的大型项目。今天我们就来看看游泳比赛中遇到的各种专业名词英文怎么说。

1.游泳：swimming; natation
2.游程：course
3.短池比赛：short-course meet
4.短距离比赛：sprint; dash
5.中距离游泳：middle-distance swimming
6.长距离游泳：(long-)distance swimming
7.超长距离[马拉松式]游泳：ultradistance [marathon] swimming
8.渡峡游泳：channel swimming
9.冬泳：winter swimming

项目
10.游泳姿势：swimming stroke
11.爬泳：crawl（stroke)
12.美国式爬泳（六次打腿）：American crawl
13.澳大利亚式爬泳（两次打腿）：Australian [two-beat] crawl
14.自由泳：freestyle; free stroke
15.仰［背］泳：backstroke；back crawl
16.蛙泳：breaststroke
17.高航式蛙泳：high sail breaststroke
18.波浪式蛙泳：wave breaststroke
19.蝶泳：butterfly
20.海豚泳：dolphin
21.混合泳：medley stroke
22.个人混合泳：individual medley
23.接力游泳：relay
24.自由泳接力：freestyle relay
25.混合泳接力：medley relay
26.接力中的交接：relay change; take-over
27.侧泳：sidestroke
28.单臂出水侧游：northern stroke; overarm sidestroke
29.潜水运动：underwater sports
30.潜水：（skin) diving; underwater swimming
31.屏气潜泳：holding-breath diving; diving with bated breath
32.蹼泳：fin swimming
33.器泳：scuba swimming

人员
34.游泳运动员：swimmer
35.短距离游泳运动员：sprinter; dash man；dasher
36.长距离游泳运动员：distance swimmer
37.蝶泳运动员：butterfly swimmer; flyer
38.个人混合泳运动员：individual medleyist
39.全面的游泳运动员：all-round swimmer
40.潜水运动员：（skin）diver
41.蹼泳运动员：fin-swimmer
42.冬泳者：winter swimmer; polar bear
43.姿势裁判员：stroke judge
44.转身裁判员：turning judge
45.终点裁判员：finishing [placing] judge
46.记趟裁判员：lap counter
47.游程计算员：clerk of course
48.救生员：lifeguard; lifesaver; Rescuer

规则与裁判
49.分组赛：heat
50.出发信号：starting signal
51.各就位：Take your marks!
52.出发犯规：false [illegal] start
53.过早出发：beat the gun
54.重游：re-swim
55.回表：Clear watches.
56.转身犯规：illegal turn
57.趟：lap
58.分段：segment
59.成绩(以时间计算）：time
60.分段成绩：split [lap] time
61.中间成绩：intermediate time
62.水温：water temperature

出发
63.出发姿势：starting position
64.立定出发：stationary start
65.抓台式出发：grab start
66.出发时的蹬腿：takeoff kick
67.出发跳水：starting dive [plunge]
68.跳入水中：take [plunge into] the water
69.入水浅的跳水：shallow［flat; surface] dive

转身
70.触池壁：touch
71.蹬壁：pushoff
72.转身：turn
73.水平转身：horizontal turn；feathering
74.平转身（仰泳）：pivot turn
75.侧[拉边]转身：lateral turn; tumble-turn
76.滚翻：flip over
77.滚翻转身：flip-turn; somersault turn
78.半滚翻转身：semi-flip turn

中年女孩

臂部动作
79.臂部动作：arm movement
80.划水[臂]：（arm）pull; stroke; paddle
81.劈水动作（蛙泳）：wedge action
82.划水动作效率：stroke efficiency
83.划水动作错误：stroke defect
84.划水幅度：distance per stroke
85.划水周期：arm cycle
86.划臂动作的力学原理：stroke mechanics
87.手入水：hand entry
88.入水臂：leading arm
89.手入水过深：digging
90.手伸得过远：overreaching
91.抱［抓］水：catch; grip; purchase
92.搅动水面：churn the surface
93.长划臂：long arm pull

94.直臂划水：straight arm stroke
95.屈臂划水：bent arm [elbow] pull
96.沉肘划水：dropped elbow pull
97.高提肘划水：over the barrel
98.向下压水：downward press
99.连续划臂动作：continuous strokes
100.反复划水：repeat pulls
101.快频率动作：racing stroke
102.两臂同时划水：double overarm
103.两臂交替划水：alternate arm [hand-over-hand] stroke
104.双臂仰泳：double overarm back-stroke
105.手臂交叉动作：scything arm action
106.鱼鳍式划水（仰卧并腿，两手身旁上下打水）：finning
107.前交叉（一臂等待另一臂）：catch-up stroke
108.特拉金式爬泳（两臂轮换出水，两腿剪水，单侧呼吸：trudge(o)n
109.曲线动作：circular motion
110.曲线摆动：circular swinging motion; circular wind-up
111.直线划水路线：straight through pull
112.半直线划水路线：modified straight line pull
113.钥匙洞形划水路线：keyhole pull
114.反问号形划水路线：inverted question mark pull
115.漏斗形划水路线：hourglass pull
116.双“S”形划水路线（蝶泳）：double "S" pull
117.锯齿形[小“S”形］划水路线：zigzag pull
118.手臂出水：overarm；overhand
119.移臂：recovery of the arm
120.加快移臂或收腿动作：rushed recovery
121.两臂或两腿分开的距离：spread
122.手腿配合：arm-leg relationship

腿部动作
123.打［踢］水：kick
124.交替打腿：alternate［flutter] kick
125.交叉打腿：crossover kick
126.鱼尾式打腿：fishtail kick
127.剪式打腿：scissors kick
128.反剪式打腿：reverse scissors kick
129.快速打腿：sprinting kick
130.向上打腿：upbeat
131.向下打腿：downbeat
132.两次打腿：two-beat kick
133.两次交叉打水：two-beat crossover kick

134.直上直下打腿：kick up and down
135.直上直下两次打腿：straight two-beat kick
136.反复打腿：repeat kicks
137.划水一周的打腿次数：beats per stroke
138.仰泳打腿：back crawl kick
139.海豚式打腿：dolphin kick
140.蹬腿［水］：leg drive [push]
141.蛙泳蹬腿：breaststroke [frog；thrust] kick
142.蹬腿宽度：width of kick
143.窄蹬腿：narrow [whip] kick
144.宽蹬腿：wedge kick
145.向后蹬：kick backward
146.斜向蹬腿：diagonal thrust
147.两侧蹬腿：lateral thrust
148.两腿交替蹬水：bicycle pedaling
149.收腿：recovery of the leg
150.踩水：treading water

身体位置
151.身体中线：center[medium」line of the body
152.躯干位置：trunk position
153.身体平衡：body balance
154.浮力：buoyancy
155.浮出水面：surface
156.浮在水面：keep afloat
157.浸入水中：submerge
158.下沉：drop; sink
159.水面线（蛙泳中头的位置）：waterline
160.俯卧姿势：face down; prone position
161.仰卧姿势：back floating position
162.俯卧漂游姿势：prone float
163.流线型姿势：streamlined position
164.低头：drop the head
165.弓背[身] ：arch the back
166.时起时伏（在水中）：ducking; undulation
167.滑行：glide

呼吸

168.呼吸：breathe; respire
169.呼气：breathe out; exhale
170.吸气：breathe in; inhale
171.闭[屏]气：hold one's breath
172.换气：change breath
173.呼吸控制：breath control
174.呼吸率：breathing rate
175.抬头（呼吸时）：lift the head
176.早呼吸法：early breathing
177.晚吸气：late[delayed] breathing
178.正常呼吸法：normal breathing
179.有节奏的呼吸：rhythmical breathing
180.深呼吸：deep breathing
181.浅呼吸：shallow breathing
182.均匀呼吸：regular [even] breathing
183.爆发式吸气：explosive breathing
184.侧面呼吸：side breathing
185.两侧呼吸法：bilateral breathing
186.呼吸侧：breathing side
187.呼吸侧手臂：breathing arm
188.非呼吸侧：non-breathing side
189.非呼吸侧手臂：non-breathing arm
190.两次划臂呼吸法：two-stroke breathing
191.四次划臂呼吸法：four-stroke breathing
192.喘气：gasp; pant; out of breath
193.呼吸急促：broken winded
194.憋气：labored breathing
195.呼吸困难：respiratory difficulty

中年女孩

训练
196.入水前准备活动：pre-water exercise
197.水上准备活动：warm-up swimming
198.分段游：splits；broken swim
199.分段游组：broken set
200.年龄分组游泳：age-group swimming
201.短于主项距离的游泳：under-distance swimming
202.超主项距离的游泳：over-distance swimming
203.陆上练习：land drill [practice]

204.加速游：pick-up
205.等速游：even-pace swimming
206.中速游：moderate effort swimming
207.慢速长游：long easy swimming
208.变速游练习：alternating slow-fast set
209.速度忽高忽低：speed fluctuation
210.任意变速游：speed play; fartlek
211.后半程加速游：negative split
212.时停时进游：stop-and-go swimming
213.俯仰交替游：spinning swim
214.带游；速度诱导：pacemaking; pacesetting
215.反复游：repeat swim
216.等速反复游：straight set of repeats
217.减距反复游：decreasing-distance repeats
218.逐个加快反复游组：progressive sets
219.综合反复游组：mixed set of repeats
220.逐个减慢反复游组：regressive set
221.逐个加快和逐个减慢交替游组：alternating progressive-regressive set
222.耐力游：endurance swimming
223.强度游：effort swim
224.放松游：easy [loosening-down] swim
225.恢复性游：wake-up swim
226.循环游法：circle swimming pattern
227.梯形游：locomotive; pyramid
228.阶梯增进：staircase
229.冲刺练习：sprint work
230.训练呼吸的冲刺：wind sprint
231.间歇训练：interval training
232.快游间歇训练：fast interval training
233.慢游间歇训练：slow interval training
234.全力计时游：all-out time trial
235.游量：swimming load
236.水的压力：water pressure
237.迎面阻力：frontal［head-on］resistance
238.身后旋涡阻力：eddy resistance; tail suction
239.水感：feel of the water

救生
240.救护站：lifesaving station
241.救生对象（指溺者）：subject
242.拖带（溺者）：carry
243.胸前拖带：cross-chest carry
244.扣颈拖带：neck carry
245.托头拖带：head carry
246.托下颏拖带：chin carry
247.抓发拖带：hair carry
248.人工呼吸：artificial respiration; rescue breathing
249.嘴对嘴人工呼吸：mouth-to-mouth resuscitation
250.救活：resuscitate

场地与器材
251.游泳池：(swimming) pool；bath; tank
252.短池：short course
253.室内游泳馆：indoor pool; natatorium
254.露天游泳池：open-air swimming pool
255.有看台的游泳场：swimming stadium
256.深水池： deep pool; swimmers' pool
257.浅水池：non-swimmers' pool
258.儿童池：wading pool
259.泳道：lane
260.分道线：lane [course］rope
261.池端：end wall
262.深端：deep end
263.浅端：shallow end
264.出发池端：starting edge
265.出发台：starting block [platform]
266.出发握手器：starting bar [grip]
267.终点池端：finish end
268.池端目标标志线：target line
269.转身标志线：turn indicator
270.触板：touch board [panel]
271.电子计时触板：electronic timing pad
272.长的一边：length side
273.扶手：handrail
274.池边地面：deck
275.池缘：curb; deck edge
276.水槽：gutter
277.逆泳槽：swimmer's treadmill
278.池底：floor; bottom
279.池底标志线：bottom line
280.浮标：buoy; float
281.浮具：buoying device
282.水下观察窗：underwater viewing window
283.水下影片：underwater movie
284.氯化器：chlorinator
285.游泳衣：swimsuit; swimming suit
286.游泳裤：trunks; bathing slips
287.套身游泳服：full-body swimwear
288.“鳖鱼皮”游泳服：Fastskin swimsuit
289.游泳帽：swim cap
290.浴衣：bathing suit; bath-wrap; gown
291.游泳护目镜：swim goggles
292.脚蹼：fins; flippers
293.手蹼：webbed gloves
294.潜水面罩：face plate
295.潜水护目镜：lunettes
296.护鼻塞：nose guard
297.潜泳面罩：diving [face] mask
298.通气［呼吸］管：snorkel
299.潜水呼吸器；水肺：aqualung
300.自携式水下呼吸器：scuba（self-contained underwater breathing apparatus）
301.套口：aqualung mouthpiece; snorkel tube
302.打水板：flutter[kick」board
303.水板：paddle
304.救生圈：life buoy
305.救生衣：life jacket
（来源：BOCOG )