QS, which has compiled the global university rankings since 2004, ranks institutions according to six metrics: academic reputation, employer reputation, faculty to student ratio, citations per faculty, the international faculty ratio and the international student ratio.
QS自2004年开始进行全球大学排名,排名主要依据6个衡量标准:学术声誉、雇主声誉、师生数比、教职员论文引用率、国际教师比例和国际学生比例。
Dr Joanna Williams, a senior lecturer in higher education at the University of Kent, said: “Universities are casting the net a lot wider and reaching out to more socially diverse groups, which is good.
肯特大学高等教育部高级讲师乔安娜•威廉姆斯博士说:“大学正在广撒网,触及更多不同的社会群体,这是件好事。”
“But it means you can’t assume that students come in with a body of knowledge and you have to spend a certain amount of time bringing them up to standard”. Dr Williams added that universities are giving lower A-level offers – not just to disadvantaged students but to all students – in order to fill places.
“但这意味着你不能指望学生刚进来就有一套知识体系,你必须花一定时间才能让他们达到标准。”威廉姆斯补充道,大学为了招满学生,不光向穷学生放低招收标准,而是对所有学生都放低标准。
“The assumptions you would have had in the past like telling students to go away and read the book or write the essay, are no longer there,” she said. “Universities are becoming more like schools in teaching style, and that removes a lot of the intellectual challenge.”
“过去大学老师会让学生自己去看书或写论文,但现在已经不能这么想当然了,”她说,“大学变得更像是上课的学校,这让本应有的许多学术挑战消失了。”
Baroness Alison Wolf, a cross-bench peer and professor of public policy at King’s College London, said that while British universities are relatively well-funded, their American competitors have “been spending more and more” in recent years.
中立议员、伦敦大学国王学院公共政策系教授艾莉森•沃尔夫女男爵说,虽然英国的大学资金还算充裕,但是美国大学近年来的“投资越来越大”。
“If we are slipping through the ranks it is partly that other countries are pouring money into higher education,” she said. “Governments all over the world are obsessed with the idea of having world class universities.”
她说:“如果我们的排名下滑,一部分原因是其他国家在高等教育上投入了大量资金。世界各国的政府都很看重国内是否有世界一流大学。”
The top ten universities according to QS World University Rankings 2018
QS2018世界大学排行榜前十名: 1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) 麻省理工学院 2 Standford University 斯坦福大学 3 Harvard University 哈佛大学 4 California Institute of Technology 加州理工学院 5 University of Cambridge 剑桥大学 6 University of Oxford 牛津大学 7 University College London 伦敦大学学院 8 Imperial College London 伦敦大学帝国理工学院 9 University of Chicago 芝加哥大学 10 Eth Zurich (Swiss Federal Institution of Technology) 瑞士苏黎世联邦理工学院
英文来源:每日电讯报
翻译&编辑:丹妮(中国日报网) |